Bladder infections, also known as cystitis, are usually caused by bacteria, most commonly Escherichia coli (E. coli) which normally live in the digestive system. When these bacteria enter the urinary tract, they can cause infection in the bladder. Symptoms of bladder infection include painful and frequent urination, cloudy or strong-smelling urine, lower abdominal pain or pressure, and in some cases, fever and chills.
Diagnosis: A doctor can diagnose bladder infections based on the symptoms and physical exam. They may also order a urine test to confirm the presence of bacteria or white blood cells in the urine, which are signs of infection.
Treatment: The primary treatment for bladder infections is a course of antibiotics to kill the bacteria causing the infection. It is important to complete the entire course of antibiotics, even if symptoms improve, to ensure that the infection is fully treated. Drinking plenty of water and urinating frequently can also help flush out the bacteria.
Ccertain over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen, may help relieve pain and discomfort associated with bladder infections. However, it is important to consult a doctor before taking any medication.
To prevent bladder infections, it is important to practice good hygiene, such as wiping from front to back after using the bathroom, urinating before and after sexual activity, and drinking plenty of water.