Some other most common syndromes in children

There are some additional syndromes that can affect children:

  1. Phenylketonuria (PKU): PKU is a genetic disorder that affects approximately 1 in every 10,000 to 15,000 babies born. Children with PKU are unable to properly break down an amino acid called phenylalanine, which can build up in the body and cause intellectual disability, seizures, and other health problems. PKU is usually detected through newborn screening tests and can be managed through a low-phenylalanine diet.
  2. Rett Syndrome: Rett Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that primarily affects girls and is caused by mutations in the MECP2 gene. Children with Rett Syndrome typically develop normally in the first year of life, but then experience a loss of motor and communication skills, along with cognitive impairment, seizures, and other health problems.
  3. Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome: Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects approximately 1 in every 20,000 to 40,000 newborns. It is caused by mutations in the DHCR7 gene, which affects the body’s ability to produce cholesterol. Children with Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome may have intellectual disability, developmental delays, distinctive facial features, and other health problems.
  4. Tuberous Sclerosis: Tuberous Sclerosis is a genetic disorder that affects approximately 1 in every 6,000 babies born. It is caused by mutations in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes, which can lead to the development of non-cancerous tumors in various organs throughout the body. Children with Tuberous Sclerosis may have seizures, developmental delays, and other health problems.
  5. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is a condition that can occur in children whose mothers drank alcohol during pregnancy. It can cause intellectual disability, developmental delays, distinctive facial features, and other health problems. The severity of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome can vary depending on how much alcohol was consumed during pregnancy.
  6. Russell-Silver Syndrome: Russell-Silver Syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects approximately 1 in every 30,000 to 100,000 newborns. It is characterized by poor growth, distinctive facial features, and other health problems such as intellectual disability and developmental delays. Children with Russell-Silver Syndrome may also have feeding difficulties and low muscle tone.